vsftpd服务器端的安装，配置，以及gftp,filezilla等客户端的安装
一，vsftpd是什么
vsftpd是一款在linux发行版中最受推崇的ftp服务器程序。特点是小巧轻快，安全易用。
二，vsftpd安装
1）,自带安装命令安装，就不用下载了
Ubuntu安装: apt-get install vsftpd
2），不用自带安装命令安装
下载地址 ftp://vsftpd.beasts.org/users/cevans/vsftpd-1.2.1.tar.gz
./configure –prefix=/usr/local/vsftpd
make && make install
推荐使用第一种，因为：1，升级起来方便；2，你并不需要VSFTPD添加什么功能，像mysql最好还是自己编译安装，因为我们有可能要增加一个mysql自身并没有的存储引擎，源码知道在什么地方，这样我觉的会方便一点。
三，vsftpd的配置
1、我的配置：
# Example config file /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf # # The default compiled in settings are fairly paranoid. This sample file # loosens things up a bit, to make the ftp daemon more usable. # Please see vsftpd.conf.5 for all compiled in defaults. # # READ THIS: This example file is NOT an exhaustive list of vsftpd options. # Please read the vsftpd.conf.5 manual page to get a full idea of vsftpd's # capabilities. # # Allow anonymous FTP? (Beware - allowed by default if you comment this out). anonymous_enable=NO # # Uncomment this to allow local users to log in. local_enable=YES # # Uncomment this to enable any form of FTP write command. write_enable=YES # # Default umask for local users is 077. You may wish to change this to 022, # if your users expect that (022 is used by most other ftpd's) local_umask=022 # # Uncomment this to allow the anonymous FTP user to upload files. This only # has an effect if the above global write enable is activated. Also, you will # obviously need to create a directory writable by the FTP user. #anon_upload_enable=YES # # Uncomment this if you want the anonymous FTP user to be able to create # new directories. anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES # # Activate directory messages - messages given to remote users when they # go into a certain directory. dirmessage_enable=YES # # Activate logging of uploads/downloads. xferlog_enable=YES # # Make sure PORT transfer connections originate from port 20 (ftp-data). connect_from_port_20=YES # # If you want, you can arrange for uploaded anonymous files to be owned by # a different user. Note! Using "root" for uploaded files is not # recommended! #chown_uploads=YES #chown_username=whoever # # You may override where the log file goes if you like. The default is shown # below. #xferlog_file=/var/log/vsftpd.log # # If you want, you can have your log file in standard ftpd xferlog format xferlog_std_format=YES # # You may change the default value for timing out an idle session. #idle_session_timeout=600 # # You may change the default value for timing out a data connection. #data_connection_timeout=120 # # It is recommended that you define on your system a unique user which the # ftp server can use as a totally isolated and unprivileged user. #nopriv_user=ftpsecure # # Enable this and the server will recognise asynchronous ABOR requests. Not # recommended for security (the code is non-trivial). Not enabling it, # however, may confuse older FTP clients. #async_abor_enable=YES # # By default the server will pretend to allow ASCII mode but in fact ignore # the request. Turn on the below options to have the server actually do ASCII # mangling on files when in ASCII mode. # Beware that on some FTP servers, ASCII support allows a denial of service # attack (DoS) via the command "SIZE /big/file" in ASCII mode. vsftpd # predicted this attack and has always been safe, reporting the size of the # raw file. # ASCII mangling is a horrible feature of the protocol. #ascii_upload_enable=YES #ascii_download_enable=YES # # You may fully customise the login banner string: #ftpd_banner=Welcome to blah FTP service. # # You may specify a file of disallowed anonymous e-mail addresses. Apparently # useful for combatting certain DoS attacks. #deny_email_enable=YES # (default follows) #banned_email_file=/etc/vsftpd/banned_emails # # You may specify an explicit list of local users to chroot() to their home # directory. If chroot_local_user is YES, then this list becomes a list of # users to NOT chroot(). #chroot_list_enable=YES # (default follows) #chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd/chroot_list # # You may activate the "-R" option to the builtin ls. This is disabled by # default to avoid remote users being able to cause excessive I/O on large # sites. However, some broken FTP clients such as "ncftp" and "mirror" assume # the presence of the "-R" option, so there is a strong case for enabling it. #ls_recurse_enable=YES # # When "listen" directive is enabled, vsftpd runs in standalone mode and # listens on IPv4 sockets. This directive cannot be used in conjunction # with the listen_ipv6 directive. listen=YES # # This directive enables listening on IPv6 sockets. To listen on IPv4 and IPv6 # sockets, you must run two copies of vsftpd whith two configuration files. # Make sure, that one of the listen options is commented !! #listen_ipv6=YES pam_service_name=vsftpd userlist_enable=YES tcp_wrappers=YES
1），用户控制
[root@svn vsftpd]# ls
ftpusers user_list vsftpd.conf vsftpd_conf_migrate.sh
从上面可以看出根用户有关的有二个文件，参数是userlist_deny
注释如下。
# If userlist_deny=NO, only allow users in this user_list
# If userlist_deny=YES (default), never allow users in this user_list, and
# do not even prompt for a password.
# Note that the default vsftpd pam config also checks /etc/vsftpd/ftpusers
# for users that are denied.
2、允许匿名用户具有写权限（上传／创建目录）
在默认配置下添加以下内容：
anon_upload_enable=YES
anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES
anon_world_readable_only=NO 允许匿名帐号写 另外还需具有所有权限的目录
3、屏蔽本地所有用户浏览其他目录的权限（除了家目录，匿名用户本身只能访问家目录）
在默认配置下添加以下内容：
chroot_local_user=YES
4、屏蔽部分本地用户浏览其他目录的权限
在默认配置下添加以下内容：
chroot_local_user=NO
chroot_list_enable=YES
chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd.chroot_list
另外再创建文件/etc/vsftpd.chroot_list，并添加需要屏蔽的用户。
5、性能选项
idle_session_timeout=600
data_connection_timeout=120
local_max_rate=50000 #本地用户的最高速率
anon_max_rate=30000 #匿名用户的最高速率
修改/etc/passwd文件的用户家目录可以改变用户登录的目录
修改/etc/passwd文件的用户的登录shell为/sbin/nologin，则不能用于本地登录，可以用于ftp登录。
/etc/xinetd.d/vsftpd文件的主要内容：（“=”前后有空格）
only_from = 192.168.1.1|192.168.1.0/24 #只接收来至某ip或网段
no_access = 192.168.3.2|192.168.3.0/24 #拒绝接收来至某ip或网段
access_times = 8:00-17:00 #设置访问时间
instances = 200 #设置最大连接数
per_source = 5 #设置每个ip可有几个连接
a，针对不同ftp使用者限制不同下载速度
操作步骤
1.安装vsftp，并启用
2.编辑: sudo vim /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
(就是对vsftpd进行配置）
可以通过命令：lftp 172.18.176.12 来查看。
如： yu@yu-laptop:/home/ftp$ lftp 172.17.184.24
lftp 172.17.184.24:~> ls (查看)
-rw-r--r-- 1 1000 1000 83643 Jul 12 10:34 023w.jpg
ftp 172.17.184.24:~> bye (退出)
use_config_dir=/etc/vsftpd/userconf
3.新增/etc/vsftpd/userconf
4./etc/vsftpd/userconf下增加test1
编辑test1
test1 local_max_rate=25000 （下载速度单位为字节 B）
5./etc/vsftpd/userconf下增加test2
编辑test2
test2 local_max_rate=30000
6.service vsftpd restart
b，vsftpd与Tcp_wrapper结合
1.编辑/etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
tcp_wrapper=yes
2.编辑/etc/hosts.deny
vsftpd:192.168.0 10.0.0 192.168.1.3 :deny
ALL:ALL:ALLOW
3.效果 192.168.0段的和10.0.0网段 及192.168.1.3不能访问当前ftp服务器。其他地址的可以访问
对于喜欢用图片界面的用户来说，linux下面gftp是一个不错的选择。
对于喜欢命令的用户来说，lftp，个人觉得比较方便
Ubuntu安装: apt-get install gftp
CentOS安装：yum install gftp
archlinux安装：pacman -S gftp
如果要装lftp把上面的gftp换一下就行了。
windows 下面就要装filezilla，安装很方便。使用也很简单，就不说了
七，参考文档
http://www.Linuxsir.org/main/?q=node/152#8.1
